Jack lovell astronaut biography

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Goldberg, Jan James Lovell: The Rescue of Apollo Hacker, Barton C. Retrieved April 8, Hansen, James R. Harland, David Exploring the Moon: The Apollo Expeditions. London; New York: Springer. Hintz, Martin Wisconsin Portraits: 55 People who Made a Difference. Kluger, Jeffrey New York: Henry Holt. New York: Pocket Books. Koppel, Lily The Astronaut Wives Club.

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America in Space. Atglen, Pennsylvania: Schiffer Publishing. Science and Technology Division, Library of Congress Archived PDF from the original on September 26, Slayton, Donald K. Manned Space: From Mercury to the Shuttle 1st ed. New York: Forge. Thompson, Neal New York: Crown Publishers. Townley, Alvin December 26, New York: St.

Martin's Press. Wolfe, Tom The Right Stuff. New York: Farrar, Straus, and Giroux. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jim Lovell. Wikiquote has quotations related to Jim Lovell. People who have traveled to the Moon. Recipients of the Congressional Space Medal of Honor. Lovell has logged more than 7, hours in a variety of aircraft, including 3, hours in high-performance jets.

Learn more about Astronaut James A. Lovell, including when he was selected by NASA to be an astronaut, his flight experience, education, background and more. Humans In Space. The Apollo Program. Station Science Top News: Jan. Primary objectives of the mission were demonstrating manned orbital flight for approximately 14 days and evaluating the physiological effects of a long-duration flight on the crew.

Among the secondary objectives were providing a rendezvous target for the Gemini VI-A spacecraft, stationkeeping with the second stage of the launch vehicle and with spacecraft No. All objectives were successfully achieved with the exception of two experiments lost because of equipment failure. Shortly after separation from the launch vehicle, the crew maneuvered the spacecraft to within 60 feet of the second stage and stationkept for about 15 minutes.

The exercise was terminated by a separation maneuver, and the spacecraft was powered down in preparation for the day mission. The crew performed five maneuvers during the course of the mission to increase orbital lifetime and place the spacecraft in proper orbit for rendezvous with spacecraft No. Rendezvous was successfully accomplished during the 11th day in orbit, with spacecraft No.

About 45 hours into the mission, Lovell removed his pressure suit. He again donned his suit at hours, while Borman removed his. Some 20 hours later Lovell again removed his suit, and both crewmen flew the remainder of the mission without suits, except for the rendezvous and reentry phases. With three exceptions, the spacecraft and its systems performed nominally throughout the entire mission.

The delayed-time telemetry playback tape recorder malfunctioned about hours after liftoff, resulting in the loss of all delayed-time telemetry data for the remainder of the mission. Two fuel cell stacks showed excessive degradation late in the flight and were taken off the line; the remaining four stacks furnished adequate electrical power until reentry.

Two attitude thrusters performed poorly after hours in the mission. Retrofire occurred exactly on time, and reentry and landing were nominal. The spacecraft missed the planned landing point by only The crew arrived at the prime recovery ship, the aircraft carrier Wasp, half an hour later. The spacecraft was recovered half an hour after the crew.

Far surpassing the Gemini 5 flight, Gemini 7 set a manned spaceflight endurance record that would endure for years. The incredibly boring mission, was made more uncomfortable by the extensive biosensors. This was somewhat offset by the soft spacesuits used only once and permission to spend most of the time in long johns. The monotony was broken just near the end by the rendezvous with Gemini 6.

Landing of Gemini 7 -. Return Crew : Borman , Lovell. Related Persons : Borman , Lovell. Flight : Gemini 7. Gemini 7 landed at GMT only Gemini 9 -.

Jack lovell astronaut biography

Call Sign : Gemini 9. Crew : Cernan , Stafford. Backup Crew : Aldrin , Lovell. Payload : Gemini SC9. Flight : Gemini 9. Duration : 3. At the first launch attempt, while the crew waited buttoned up in the spacecraft on the pad, their Agena docking target field blew up on the way to orbit. This was called the Augmented Target Docking Adapter. Ths was successfully launched and the Gemini succeeded in rendezvousing with it.

However, the ATDA shroud had not completely separated, thus making docking impossible. However three different types of rendezvous were tested with the ATDA. Cernan's faceplate fogs up, forcing him to blindly grope back into the Gemini hatch after only two hours. Seventh manned and third rendezvous mission of the Gemini program. Major objectives of the mission were to rendezvous and dock with the augmented target docking adapter ATDA and to conduct extravehicular activities EVA.

These objectives were only partially met. After successfully achieving rendezvous during the third revolution - a secondary objective - the crew discovered that the ATDA shroud had failed to separate, precluding docking - a primary objective - as well as docking practice - another secondary objective. The crew was able, however, to achieve other secondary objectives: an equi-period rendezvous, using onboard optical techniques and completed at 6 hours 36 minutes ground elapsed time; and a rendezvous from above, simulating the rendezvous of an Apollo command module with a lunar module in a lower orbit completed at 21 hours 42 minutes ground elapsed time.

Final separation maneuver was performed at 22 hours 59 minutes after liftoff. EVA was postponed because of crew fatigue, and the second day was given over to experiments. The hatch was opened for EVA at 49 hours 23 minutes ground elapsed time. EVA was successful, but one secondary objective - evaluation of the astronaut maneuvering unit AMU - was not achieved because Cernan's visor began fogging.

The extravehicular life support system apparently became overloaded with moisture when Cernan had to work harder than anticipated to prepare the AMU for donning. Cernan reentered the spacecraft, and the hatch was closed at 51 hours 28 minutes into the flight. The rest of the third day was spent on experiments. Gemini 12 -. Call Sign : Gemini Crew : Aldrin , Lovell.

Backup Crew : Cernan , Cooper. Payload : Gemini SC Flight : Gemini Two very serious astronauts get it all right to end the program. Docked and redocked with Agena, demonstrating various Apollo scenarios including manual rendezvous and docking without assistance from ground control. Aldrin finally demonstrates ability to accomplish EVA without overloading suit by use of suitable restraints and careful movement.

Major objectives of the mission were to rendezvous and dock and to evaluate extravehicular activities EVA. Among the secondary objectives were tethered vehicle evaluation, experiments, third revolution rendezvous and docking, automatic reentry demonstration, docked maneuvering for a high-apogee excursion, docking practice, systems tests, and Gemini Agena target vehicle GATV parking.

The high-apogee excursion was not attempted because an anomaly was noted in the GATV primary propulsion system during insertion, and parking was not attempted because the GATV's attitude control gas was depleted. All other objectives were achieved. Nine spacecraft maneuvers effected rendezvous with the GATV. The onboard radar malfunctioned before the terminal phase initiate maneuver, but the crew used onboard backup procedures to calculate the maneuvers.

Rendezvous was achieved at 3 hours 46 minutes ground elapsed time, docking 28 minutes later. Two phasing maneuvers, using the GATV secondary propulsion system, were accomplished, but the primary propulsion system was not used. The first of two periods of standup EVA began at 19 hours 29 minutes into the flight and lasted for 2 hours 29 minutes.

During a more than two-hour umbilical EVA which began at 42 hours 48 minutes, Aldrin attached a foot tether from the GATV to the spacecraft docking bar. He spent part of the period at the spacecraft adapter, evaluating various restraint systems and performing various basic tasks. The second standup EVA lasted 55 minutes, ending at 67 hours 1 minute ground elapsed time.

The tether evaluation began at 47 hours 23 minutes after liftoff, with the crew undocking from the GATV. The tether tended to remain slack, although the crew believed that the two vehicles did slowly attain gravity-gradient stabilization. The crew jettisoned the docking bar and released the tether at 51 hours 51 minutes. Several spacecraft systems suffered problems during the flight.

Two fuel cell stacks failed and had to be shut down, while two others experienced significant loss of power. At 39 hours 30 minutes ground elapsed time, the crew reported that little or no thrust was available from two orbit attitude and maneuver thrusters. Landing of Gemini 12 -. Return Crew : Aldrin , Lovell. Related Persons : Aldrin , Lovell.

Retrofire occurred 94 hours after liftoff. Reentry was automatically controlled. The spacecraft landed at GMT less than 5 km from the planned landing point on November The crew was picked up by helicopter and deposited 28 minutes later on the deck of the prime recovery ship, the aircraft carrier Wasp. The spacecraft was recovered 67 minutes after landing.

A hour delayed-recovery test with Apollo CSM -. Related Persons : Duke , Lovell , Roosa. Astronauts James A. The jobs there carried a high level of danger and a high casualty rate, so it was the place where NASA looked to recruit astronauts. It was actually his second application. He had been rejected earlier due to a temporary liver condition.

Lovell was selected for the Gemini 7 mission with Frank Borman as commander. The assignment lasted from December , , and marked the longest any human was in space until the Soviet-manned Soyuz 9 in It would prove to be an endurance flight as the men had to spend nearly two weeks in a spacecraft the size of a telephone booth. The mission also conducted a crucial maneuver for the planned Apollo missions, the rendezvous of two manned, maneuverable space craft, the Gemini 7 and the Gemini 6A.

The mission featured another rendezvous and a docking procedure as well as a spacewalk by Aldrin. The flight brought the Gemini program to a successful close, and NASA then began preparations for the Apollo program and the journey to the moon. In order for the Lunar Orbiter to travel safely around the Moon, the propulsion unit needed to fire for the exact amount of time at precisely the right moment.

Too little or too late and the capsule would be flung off into space; too much or too soon and the spacecraft might crash into the Moon. Updates on the flight were covered by the major American television networks and broadcast all over the world. On Christmas Eve, the crew of Apollo 8 captivated an estimated 1 billion television and radio listeners by reading from the Book of Genesis as an image of the Earth rising over the lunar horizon was shown on television screens.