El ecumenismo juan pablo ii biography

Why in did they lead the way in Gdansk? Why did they decide, now or never? Only because there was a Polish pope. He was in Chile and Pinochet was out. He was in Haiti and Duvalier was out. He was in the Philippines and Marcos was out. On many of those occasions, people would come here to the Vatican thanking the Holy Father for changing things. In the words of The New York Times , he used "unusually strong language" to criticise Pinochet and asserted to journalists that the Catholic Church in Chile must not only pray, but actively fight for the restoration of democracy in Chile.

The pope confided to a friend: "I received a letter from Pinochet in which he told me that as a Catholic he had listened to my words, he had accepted them, and he had decided to begin the process to change the leadership of his country. John Paul II visited the Vicariate of Solidarity's offices, spoke with its workers, and "called upon them to continue their work, emphasizing that the Gospel consistently urges respect for human rights".

For instance, he hugged and kissed Carmen Gloria Quintana , a young student who had been nearly burned to death by Chilean police and told her that "We must pray for peace and justice in Chile. The opposition praised John Paul II for denouncing Pinochet as a dictator, for many members of Chile's opposition were persecuted for much milder statements.

Bishop Carlos Camus , one of the harshest critics of Pinochet's dictatorship within the Chilean Church, praised John Paul II's stance during the papal visit, saying: "I am quite moved, because our pastor supports us totally. Never again will anyone be able to say that we are interfering in politics when we defend human dignity. The Pope's visit is a mission, an extraordinary social catechism, and his stay here will be a watershed in Chilean history.

Some have erroneously accused John Paul II of affirming Pinochet's regime by appearing with the Chilean ruler in public. Cardinal Roberto Tucci , the organiser of John Paul II's visits, revealed that Pinochet tricked the pontiff by telling him he would take him to his living room, while in reality he took him to his balcony. Tucci says that the pontiff was "furious".

John Paul II spoke in French and occasionally in Creole , and in the homily outlined the basic human rights that most Haitians lacked: "the opportunity to eat enough, to be cared for when ill, to find housing, to study, to overcome illiteracy, to find worthwhile and properly paid work; all that provides a truly human life for men and women, for young and old.

Shortly before leaving Haiti, John Paul II called for social change in Haiti by saying: "Lift up your heads, be conscious of your dignity of men created in God's image John Paul II's visit inspired massive protests against the Duvalier dictatorship. In response to the visit, Catholic priests and church workers signed a statement committing the church to work on behalf of the poor.

The Church can and must remind men—and in particular those who govern—of their ethical duties for the good of the whole of society. The Church cannot be isolated inside its temples just as men's consciences cannot be isolated from God. Later, during a Mass, John Paul II criticised the regime for impoverishing the peasants and the unemployed, saying that the government must give people greater access to the land.

Although Stroessner tried to prevent him from doing so, John Paul II met opposition leaders in the one-party state. By the late s, the dissolution of the Soviet Union had been predicted by some observers. Nobody knew how to get rid of Communism. In Warsaw , in , he simply said: 'Do not be afraid', and later prayed: 'Let your Spirit descend and change the image of the land In , the foreign policy of the Ronald Reagan administration saw opened diplomatic relations with the Vatican for the first time since In sharp contrast to the long history of strong domestic opposition, this time there was very little opposition from Congress, the courts, and Protestant groups.

Perhaps most surprisingly, the papers show that, as late as , the pope did not believe the Communist Polish government could be changed. I would argue the historical case in three steps: without the Polish Pope, no Solidarity revolution in Poland in ; without Solidarity, no dramatic change in Soviet policy towards eastern Europe under Gorbachev; without that change, no velvet revolutions in On 4 June , U.

The president read the citation that accompanied the medal, which recognised "this son of Poland" whose "principled stand for peace and freedom has inspired millions and helped to topple communism and tyranny". In , Poland's Communist government unsuccessfully tried to humiliate John Paul II by falsely saying he had fathered an illegitimate child.

John Paul II travelled extensively and met with believers from many divergent faiths. At the World Day of Prayer for Peace, held in Assisi on 27 October , more than representatives of different religions and denominations spent a day of fasting and prayer. Although the contact between the Holy See and many Christians of the East had never totally ceased, communion had been interrupted since ancient times.

Again, the history of conflict in Central Europe was a complex part of John Paul II's personal cultural heritage which made him all the more determined to react so as to attempt to overcome abiding difficulties, given that relatively speaking the Holy See and the non-Catholic Eastern Churches are close in many points of faith. This was the first time a pope had visited a predominantly Eastern Orthodox country since the Great Schism in For many years, John Paul II sought to facilitate dialogue and unity stating as early as in Euntes in mundum , "Europe has two lungs, it will never breathe easily until it uses both of them.

Christodoulos read a list of "13 offences" of the Catholic Church against the Eastern Orthodox Church since the Great Schism, [ ] including the sack of Constantinople by the Fourth Crusade in , and bemoaned the lack of apology from the Catholic Church, saying "Until now, there has not been heard a single request for pardon" for the "maniacal crusaders of the 13th century".

The pope responded by saying "For the occasions past and present, when sons and daughters of the Catholic Church have sinned by action or omission against their Orthodox brothers and sisters, may the Lord grant us forgiveness", to which Christodoulos immediately applauded. John Paul II said that the sacking of Constantinople was a source of "profound regret" for Catholics.

They issued a common declaration saying, "We shall do everything in our power, so that the Christian roots of Europe and its Christian soul may be preserved We condemn all recourse to violence, proselytism and fanaticism , in the name of religion. The pope had said throughout his pontificate that one of his greatest dreams was to visit Russia, [ ] but this never occurred.

He attempted to solve the problems that had arisen over centuries between the Catholic and Russian Orthodox churches, and in gave them a copy of the lost icon of Our Lady of Kazan. Meanwhile, the pope gave Karekin the relics of St. Gregory the Illuminator , the first head of the Armenian Church that had been kept in Naples , Italy, for years.

The two Church leaders signed a declaration remembering the victims of the Armenian genocide. Like his successors after him, John Paul II took a large number of initiatives to promote friendly relations, practical humanitarian cooperation and theological dialogue with a range of Protestant bodies. Of these the first in importance had to be with Lutheranism , given that the contention with Martin Luther and his followers was the most significant historical split in Western Christianity.

In Mainz , he met with leaders of the Protestant Church in Germany , and with representatives of other Christian denominations. The visit took place years after the birth of the German Martin Luther , who was first an Augustinian friar and subsequently a leading Protestant Reformer. In addition to celebrating Mass with Catholic believers, he participated in ecumenical services at places that had been Catholic shrines before the Reformation: Nidaros Cathedral in Norway; near St.

The signing was a fruit of a theological dialogue that had been going on between the Lutheran World Federation and the Holy See since He said that he was disappointed by the Church of England's decision to ordain women and saw it as a step away from unity between the Anglican Communion and the Catholic Church. He allowed the creation of a form of the Roman Rite , known informally by some as the Anglican Use , which incorporates selected elements of the Anglican Book of Common Prayer that are compatible with Catholic doctrine.

In March , John Paul II visited Yad Vashem , the national Holocaust memorial in Israel, and later made history by touching one of the holiest sites in Judaism, the Western Wall in Jerusalem, [ ] placing a letter inside it in which he prayed for forgiveness for the actions against Jews. Immediately after John Paul II's death, the Anti-Defamation League said in a statement that he had revolutionised Catholic-Jewish relations, saying that "more change for the better took place in his year Papacy than in the nearly 2, years before.

He achieved far more in terms of transforming relations with both the Jewish people and the State of Israel than any other figure in the history of the Catholic Church. You are our dearly beloved brothers, and in a certain way, it could be said that you are our elder brothers. In an interview with the Polish Press Agency , Michael Schudrich , chief rabbi of Poland, said that never in history did anyone do as much for Christian-Jewish dialogue as John Paul II, adding that many Jews had a greater respect for the late pope than for some rabbis.

Schudrich praised John Paul II for condemning anti-Semitism as a sin, which no previous pope had done. In the stormy history of relations between Roman popes and Jews in the ghetto in which they were closed for over three centuries in humiliating circumstances, John Paul II is a bright figure in his uniqueness. In relations between our two great religions in the new century that was stained with bloody wars and the plague of racism, the heritage of John Paul II remains one of the few spiritual islands guaranteeing survival and human progress.

He wrote:. It seems that those who practise them are particularly close to Christianity, and among them, the Church's missionaries also find it easier to speak a common language. Is there, perhaps, in this veneration of ancestors a kind of preparation for the Christian faith in the Communion of Saints, in which all believers—whether living or dead—form a single community, a single body?

There is nothing strange, then, that the African and Asian animists would become believers in Christ more easily than followers of the great religions of the Far East. In , the pope visited the African country of Togo , where 60 per cent of the population espouses animist beliefs. To honour the pope, animist religious leaders met him at a Catholic Marian shrine in the forest, much to the pontiff's delight.

John Paul II proceeded to call for the need for religious tolerance, praised nature, and emphasised common elements between animism and Christianity, saying:. It is this religious sentiment that animates you and one can say that animates all of your compatriots. The two men held many similar views and understood similar plights, both coming from nations affected by Communism and both serving as heads of major religious bodies.

I ardently hope that my visit will serve to strengthen the goodwill between us, and that it will reassure everyone of the Catholic Church's desire for interreligious dialogue and cooperation in building a more just and fraternal world. To everyone I extend the hand of friendship, recalling the splendid words of the Dhammapada : 'Better than a thousand useless words is one single word that gives peace' He officially supported the project of the Mosque of Rome and participated in the inauguration in On 14 May , at a meeting with Muslim leaders in Syria, he was gifted and then promptly kissed a Qur'an , an act that was controversial with some Catholics.

On 6 May , he became the first Catholic pope to enter and pray in a mosque, namely the Umayyad Mosque in Damascus , Syria. Respectfully removing his shoes, he entered the former Byzantine-era Christian church dedicated to John the Baptist , who is also revered as a prophet of Islam. He gave a speech including the statement: "For all the times that Muslims and Christians have offended one another, we need to seek forgiveness from the Almighty and to offer each other forgiveness.

John Paul II oversaw the publication of the Catechism of the Catholic Church , which makes a special provision for Muslims; therein, it is written, "together with us they adore the one, merciful God, mankind's judge on the last day. He praised Mohandas Gandhi for his "unshakeable faith in God", assured the Jains that the Catholic Church will continue to engage in dialogue with their religion and spoke of the common need to aid the poor.

The Jain leaders were impressed with the pope's "transparency and simplicity", and the meeting received much attention in the Gujarat state in western India, home to many Jains. As he entered St. On the way to the hospital, he lost consciousness. Even though the two bullets missed his superior mesenteric artery and abdominal aorta , he lost nearly three-quarters of his blood.

He underwent five hours of surgery to treat his wounds. For in everything that happened to me on that very day, I felt that extraordinary motherly protection and care, which turned out to be stronger than the deadly bullet. He was sentenced to life imprisonment. I spoke to him as a brother whom I have pardoned and who has my complete trust.

Numerous other theories were advanced to explain the assassination attempt, some of them controversial. One such theory, advanced by Michael Ledeen and heavily pushed by the United States Central Intelligence Agency at the time of the assassination but never substantiated by evidence, was that the Soviet Union was behind the attempt on John Paul II's life in retaliation for the pope's support of Solidarity, the Catholic, pro-democratic Polish workers' movement.

On 15 January a suicide bomber was planning to dress as a priest and detonate a bomb when the pope passed in his motorcade on his way to the San Carlos Seminary in Makati. The assassination was supposed to divert attention from the next phase of the operation. However, a chemical fire inadvertently started by the cell alerted police to their whereabouts, and all were arrested a week before the pope's visit, and confessed to the plot.

John Paul II apologised to many groups that had suffered at the hands of the Catholic Church through the years. As pope, he officially made public apologies for over wrongdoings, including: [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ]. When he became pope in at the age of 58, John Paul II was an avid sportsman. He was extremely healthy and active, jogging in the Vatican gardens , weight training, swimming, and hiking in the mountains.

He was fond of football. The only modern pope with a fitness regimen had been Pope Pius XI — , who was an avid mountaineer. However, after over 26 years as pope, two assassination attempts, one of which injured him severely, and a number of cancer scares, John Paul's physical health declined. In he was diagnosed as suffering from Parkinson's disease.

Despite difficulty speaking more than a few sentences at a time, trouble hearing , and severe osteoarthrosis , he continued to tour the world although rarely walking in public. John Paul II was hospitalised with breathing problems caused by a bout of influenza on 1 February On 31 March , following a urinary tract infection , [ ] he developed septic shock , a form of infection with a high fever and low blood pressure , but was not hospitalised.

Instead, he was monitored by a team of consultants at his private residence. This was taken as an indication by the pope, and those close to him, that he was nearing death; it would have been in accordance with his wishes to die in the Vatican. The day before his death, one of his closest personal friends, Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka , visited him at his bedside.

Tens of thousands of people assembled and held vigil in St. Peter's Square and the surrounding streets for two days. Upon hearing of this, the dying pope was said to have stated: "I have searched for you, and now you have come to me, and I thank you. He had no close family by the time of his death; his feelings are reflected in his words written in at the end of his Last Will and Testament.

The death of the pontiff set in motion rituals and traditions dating back to medieval times. Peter's Basilica. John Paul II's testament, published on 7 April , [ ] revealed that he contemplated being buried in his native Poland but left the final decision to the College of Cardinals , which in passing, preferred burial beneath St. Peter's Basilica, honouring the pontiff's request to be placed "in bare earth".

The Requiem Mass held on 8 April was said to have set world records both for attendance and number of heads of state present at a funeral. It was the single largest gathering of heads of state up to that time, surpassing the funerals of Winston Churchill and Josip Broz Tito Four kings, five queens, at least 70 presidents and prime ministers, and more than 14 leaders of other religions attended.

The alcove had been empty since John XXIII's remains had been moved into the main body of the basilica after his beatification. Upon the death of John Paul II, a number of clergy at the Vatican and laymen [ 90 ] [ ] [ ] began referring to the late pontiff as "John Paul the Great" — in theory only the fourth pope to be so acclaimed. Scholars of canon law say that there is no official process for declaring a pope "Great"; the title simply establishes itself through popular and continued usage, [ ] [ ] [ ] as was the case with celebrated secular leaders for example, Alexander III of Macedon became popularly known as Alexander the Great.

The three popes who today commonly are known as "Great" are Leo I , who reigned from — and persuaded Attila the Hun to withdraw from Rome; Gregory I , —, after whom the Gregorian chant is named; and Pope Nicholas I , —, who consolidated the Catholic Church in the Western world in the Middle Ages. Peter's Basilica, at the 20th World Youth Day in Germany when he said in Polish: "As the great Pope John Paul II would say: Keep the flame of faith alive in your lives and your people"; [ ] and in May during a visit to Poland where he repeatedly made references to "the great John Paul" and "my great predecessor".

Inspired by calls of "Santo Subito! Peter's Square. In early , it was reported that the Vatican was investigating a possible miracle associated with John Paul II. Sister Marie Simon-Pierre , a French nun and member of the Congregation of Little Sisters of Catholic Maternity Wards, confined to her bed by Parkinson's disease, [ ] [ ] was reported to have experienced a "complete and lasting cure after members of her community prayed for the intercession of Pope John Paul II".

During his homily , he encouraged prayers for the early canonisation of John Paul II and stated that he hoped canonisation would happen "in the near future". Following a ceremony on 2 April —the second anniversary of the Pontiff's death—the cause proceeded to the scrutiny of the committee of lay, clerical, and episcopal members of the Vatican's Congregation for the Causes of Saints , to conduct a separate investigation.

On leaving St. Peter's Basilica, the boy told them, "I want to walk," and began walking normally. Once the second decree is signed, the position the report on the cause, with documentation about his life and writings and with information on the cause is complete. As Monsignor Oder said, this course would have been possible if the second decree were signed in time by Benedict XVI, stating that a posthumous miracle directly attributable to his intercession had occurred, completing the positio.

Peter's Basilica ahead of his beatification, as tens of thousands of people arrived in Rome for one of the biggest events since his funeral. Peter's Square on 1 May Sebastian , where Pope Innocent XI was buried. The two popes who were not exhumed and reinterred after becoming a blessed in the last century were Pope Paul VI and Pope John Paul I , who both remain entombed in the papal grottos.

Antonio Schlesinger Piedrahita, a renowned neurologist in Colombia, certified Fidel's healing. The documentation was then sent to the Vatican office for sainthood causes. In September , Poland unveiled a sculpture of him, designed by Jerzy Kalina [ pl ] and installed outside the National Museum, Warsaw , holding up a meteorite. To be eligible for canonisation being declared a saint by the Catholic Church, two miracles must be attributed to a candidate.

The first miracle attributed to John Paul was the above mentioned healing of a nun's Parkinson's disease, which was recognised during the beatification process. According to an article on the Catholic News Service CNS dated 23 April , a Vatican commission of doctors concluded that a healing had no natural medical explanation, which is the first requirement for a claimed miracle to be officially documented.

The second miracle was deemed to have taken place shortly after the late pope's beatification on 1 May ; it was reported to be the healing of Costa Rican woman Floribeth Mora of an otherwise terminal brain aneurysm. On 4 July , Pope Francis confirmed his approval of John Paul II's canonisation, formally recognising the second miracle attributed to his intercession.

About cardinals and bishops concelebrated the Mass, and at least , people attended the Mass, with an estimated , others watching from video screens placed around Rome. The new saint's remains, considered to be holy relics , were exhumed from their place in the basilica's grotto, [ ] and a new tomb was established at the altar of St. It gained approval from the Holy See to open the diocesan phase of the cause on 7 May John Paul II was criticised by representatives of the victims of clergy sexual abuse for failing to respond quickly enough to the Catholic sex abuse crisis.

In response to mounting criticism over the next decade, John Paul II stated in that "there is no place in the priesthood and religious life for those who would harm the young". In April , John Paul II, despite being frail from Parkinson's disease, summoned all the American cardinals to the Vatican to discuss possible solutions to the issue of sexual abuse in the American Church.

He asked them to "diligently investigate accusations". John Paul II suggested that American bishops be more open and transparent in dealing with such scandals and emphasised the role of seminary training to prevent sexual deviance among future priests. In what The New York Times called "unusually direct language", John Paul condemned the arrogance of priests that led to the scandals:.

It is therefore very easy for them to succumb to the temptation of thinking of themselves as better than others. When this happens, the ideal of priestly service and self-giving dedication can fade, leaving the priest dissatisfied and disheartened. The pope read a statement intended for the American cardinals, calling the sex abuse "an appalling sin" and said the priesthood had no room for such men.

In , John Paul II reiterated that "there is no place in the priesthood and religious life for those who would harm the young". The panel of experts overwhelmingly opposed implementation of policies of "zero-tolerance" such as was proposed by the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops. One expert called such policies a "case of overkill" since they do not permit flexibility to allow for differences among individual cases.

Law had previously resigned as Archbishop of Boston in in response to the Catholic Church sexual abuse cases after church documents were revealed that suggested he had covered up sexual abuse committed by priests in his archdiocese. John Paul II was a firm supporter of the Legion of Christ , and in discontinued investigations into sexual misconduct by its leader Marcial Maciel , who in resigned his leadership and was later requested by the Vatican to withdraw from his ministry.

However, Maciel's trial began in during the pontificate of John Paul II, but the Pope died before it ended and the conclusions were known. John Paul II ordered an investigation, which stalled when three of the four bishops tasked with investigating claims allegedly brought back "inaccurate or incomplete information". John Paul II planned on not giving McCarrick the appointment anyway, but relented and gave him the appointment after McCarrick wrote a letter of denial.

He created McCarrick a cardinal in McCarrick would eventually be laicized after allegations surfaced that he abused minors. In a interview with Mexican television, Pope Francis defended John Paul II's legacy on protecting minors against clerical sexual abuse. Francis said that with respect to the case of Marcial Maciel :. With respect to John Paul II, we have to understand certain attitudes because he came from a closed world, from behind the Iron Curtain , where communism was still in force.

There was a defensive mentality. We have to understand this well, and no one can doubt the saintliness of this great man and his good will. He was great, he was great. On March 6, , an investigative report by the Polish television station TVN24 concluded that "there [is now] no doubt" that John Paul II "knew about sexual abuse of children by priests under his authority and sought to conceal it when he was an archbishop in his native Poland".

In response to the claims, Pope Francis stated: "You have to put things in the context of the era[ John Paul II was widely criticised for a variety of his views. He was a target of criticism from progressives for his opposition to the ordination of women and use of contraception , [ 20 ] [ ] and from traditional Catholics for his support for the Second Vatican Council and its reform of the liturgy.

John Paul II's response to child sexual abuse within the Catholic Church has also come under heavy censure. And he was accused repeatedly of taking a soft hand with them, especially in the case of Marcial Maciel , founder of the Legionaries of Christ. Calvi, often referred to as "God's Banker", was also involved with the Vatican Bank, and was close to Bishop Paul Marcinkus , the bank's chairman.

Ambrosiano also provided funds for political parties in Italy, and for both the Somoza dictatorship in Nicaragua and its Sandinista opposition. It has been widely alleged that the Vatican Bank provided money for Solidarity in Poland. Calvi used his complex network of overseas banks and companies to move money out of Italy, to inflate share prices, and to arrange massive unsecured loans.

In , the Bank of Italy produced a report on Ambrosiano that predicted future disaster. In addition to all the criticism from those demanding modernisation, some traditionalist Catholics denounced him as well. These issues included demanding a return to the Tridentine Mass , [ ] as well as the repudiation of reforms instituted after the Second Vatican Council, such as the use of the vernacular language in the formerly Latin-language Roman Rite , ecumenism , and the principle of religious liberty.

The World Day of Prayer for Peace , [ ] with a meeting in Assisi, Italy, in , in which the pope prayed only with the Christians, [ ] was criticised for giving the impression that syncretism and indifferentism were openly embraced by the Papal Magisterium. When a second Day of Prayer for Peace in the World was held in , [ ] it was condemned as confusing the laity and compromising to false religions.

Likewise criticised was his kissing of the Qur'an in Damascus, Syria, on one of his travels on 6 May John Paul II continued the tradition of advocating for the culture of life. John Paul II argued that the proper way to prevent the spread of AIDS was not condoms but rather "correct practice of sexuality, which presupposes chastity and fidelity".

There was strong criticism of the pope for the controversy surrounding the alleged use of charitable social programmes as a means of converting people in the Third World to Catholicism. John Paul II endorsed Cardinal Pio Laghi , who critics say supported the Dirty War in Argentina and was on friendly terms with the Argentine generals of the military dictatorship , playing regular tennis matches with the Navy's representative in the junta, Admiral Emilio Eduardo Massera.

After the report about the handling of the sexual misconduct complaints against Theodore McCarrick , some called for John Paul II's sainthood to be revoked. The thirty-two-year friendship and occasional academic collaboration lasted until his death. Writers Carl Bernstein , the veteran investigative journalist of the Watergate scandal , and Vatican expert Marco Politi , were the first journalists to talk to Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka in the s about her importance in John Paul's life.

They interviewed her and dedicated 20 pages to her in their book His Holiness. She responded, "No, I never fell in love with the cardinal. How could I fall in love with a middle-aged clergyman? Besides, I'm a married woman. Contents move to sidebar hide. Article Talk. Read View source View history. Tools Tools. Download as PDF Printable version.

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Other criticism and controversy. Main article: Controversies about Opus Dei. Main article: Banco Ambrosiano. Problems with traditionalists. Argentine military regime. Beatification controversy. John Paul II, the patron saint of families". Retrieved 2 May Centro Pagina. Retrieved 31 March Messaggero Veneto. John Paul II Parish". Retrieved 3 February Holy See.

Retrieved 2 September Kent McGill-Queen's University Press. John Paul the Great Catholic University.

El ecumenismo juan pablo ii biography

Archived from the original on 22 January Retrieved 28 January CBS News. Retrieved 1 January Retrieved 18 May Office of Papal Liturgical Celebrations. David M. Retrieved 31 October JSTOR review. National Catholic Register. Archived from the original on 5 November Retrieved 6 September Deutsche Welle. His international apostolic journeys numbered and were expressions of the constant pastoral solicitude of the Successor of Peter for all the Churches.

Pope John Paul II celebrated beatifications, during which he proclaimed 1, blesseds, and 51 canonizations, for a total of saints. He called 9 consistories, in which he created Cardinals plus one in pectore. He also presided at 6 plenary meetings of the College of Cardinals. From , Pope John Paul II convoked 15 assemblies of the Synod of Bishops: 6 ordinary general sessions , , , , and , 1 extraordinary general session and 8 special sessions , , , , , 2 and Saved by the maternal hand of the Mother of God, following a lengthy stay in the hospital, he forgave the attempted assassin and, aware of having received a great gift, intensified his pastoral commitments with heroic generosity.

Pope John Paul II also demonstrated his pastoral concern by erecting numerous dioceses and ecclesiastical circumscriptions, and by promulgating Codes of Canon Law for the Latin and the Oriental Churches, as well as the Catechism of the Catholic Church. He proclaimed the Year of Redemption, the Marian Year and the Year of the Eucharist as well as the Great Jubilee Year of , in order to provide the People of God with particularly intense spiritual experiences.

Este encargo puede exigir el ofrecer la propia vida cf. Jn 10, Se trata de uno de los imperativos de la caridad que debe acogerse sin compromisos. Refleja el amor que Dios da en Jesucristo a toda la humanidad, y obstaculizar este amor es una ofensa a El y a su designio de congregar a todos en Cristo. II, Decl. Dignitatis humanae , sobre la libertad religiosa, 1.

Carta ap. Tertio millennio adveniente 10 noviembre , AAS 87 , II, Decr. Unitatis redintegratio , sobre el ecumenismo, 1. Cf, Conc. II, Const. Lumen gentium , sobre la Iglesia, Dignitatis humanae , sobre la libertad religiosa, 1 y 2. Unitatis redintegratio , sobre el ecumenismo, 3. Unitatis redintegratio , sobre el ecumenismo, Lumen gentium , sobre la Iglesia, 2.

Unitatis redintegratio , sobre el ecumenismo, 4. Euntes in mundum 25 enero : AAS 80 , Carta enc. Slavorum apostoli 2 junio AAS 77 , Regimini ecclesiae universae 15 agosto , AAS 59 , Pastor Bonus 28 junio , V, art. Unitatis redintegratio , sobre el ecumenismo, 6. Slavorum apostoli 2 junio , AAS 77 , Vicente de Lerins, Commonitorium primum , PL 50, Discurso en la catedral de Canterbury 29 mayo , 5: AAS 74 , Gaudium et spes , sobre la Iglesia en el mundo actual, Unitatis redintegratio , sobre el ecumenismo, 7.

I I, Const. AAS 56 , Dignitatis humanae , sobre la libertad religiosa, 3. Sollicitudo rei socialis 30 diciembre , AAS 80 , Redemptor hominis 4 marzo , AAS 71 , AAS 80 , ; cf. Breve ap. Orientale lumen 2 mayo , L'Osservatore Romano , ed.