Annis pratt biography of martin luther

In and , she visited the remaining Fens near Cambridge, stayed in the old wool city of Norwich, and a spent three weeks in a small seaport, Wells-Next-the-Sea, on the North Norfolk coast. Pratt had also explored the Wisconsin and Kickapoo Rivers, Lake Wingra and Lake Mendota by canoe, where she mushroomed and foraged for wild garlic, spring beauties, nettles and curly dock.

In rural Michigan, living on a natural wild river, the Betsie, helped her accumulate minutia like how dragonflies mate stuck together in a circle , why bats swim, where salmon spawn, how otters chuckle at night and what mink mothers sound like trying to scold their screaming kits into crossing a river. Upon his return to Germany, he enrolled in the University of Wittenberg in an attempt to suppress his spiritual turmoil.

He excelled in his studies and received a doctorate, becoming a professor of theology at the university known today as Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg. Through his studies of scripture, Luther finally gained religious enlightenment. Finally, he realized the key to spiritual salvation was not to fear God or be enslaved by religious dogma but to believe that faith alone would bring salvation.

This period marked a major change in his life and set in motion the Reformation. Luther also sent a copy to Archbishop Albert Albrecht of Mainz, calling on him to end the sale of indulgences. Aided by the printing press , copies of the 95 Theses spread throughout Germany within two weeks and throughout Europe within two months. The Church eventually moved to stop the act of defiance.

In October , at a meeting with Cardinal Thomas Cajetan in Augsburg, Luther was ordered to recant his 95 Theses by the authority of the pope. Luther said he would not recant unless scripture proved him wrong. The meeting ended in a shouting match and initiated his ultimate excommunication from the Church. Following the publication of his 95 Theses , Luther continued to lecture and write in Wittenberg.

In June and July of Luther publicly declared that the Bible did not give the pope the exclusive right to interpret scripture, which was a direct attack on the authority of the papacy. Finally, in , the pope had had enough and on June 15 issued an ultimatum threatening Luther with excommunication. On December 10, , Luther publicly burned the letter.

In March , Luther was summoned before the Diet of Worms , a general assembly of secular authorities. Again, Luther refused to recant his statements, demanding he be shown any scripture that would refute his position. There was none. Friends helped him hide out at the Wartburg Castle. Ray Ortlund. Erik Raymond.

Annis pratt biography of martin luther

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